xm_well


NAME
     xm_well - Well format for the xmap8 program

SYNOPSIS
     xm_well - Input File Format

DESCRIPTION
     Wells are simple lists  of  3D  lines  in  space.   Actually
     "well"  is  a  misnomer: you can plot any 3D line using this
     option of xmap8.  I use this to plot 3D vectors.   There  is
     an  extended  format  that allows you to also plot lithology
     and dip alon the well.

     Format:
     id = well ident
     #  = number of points in well
     style = 0,1,2,3   see below  default is 0 for simple well.
     color = color for plotting (1-20)
     lat = degrees
     lon = degrees positive east
     depth = km, positive downward


     id    #  flag  color
     lat lon  depth
      .
      .
      .


     example:

     32-20 68 0 11
     36.011303 -117.792274 -0.087500
     36.011303 -117.792267 -0.027500
     36.011303 -117.792259 0.052500
     36.011295 -117.792259 0.082500
     36.011292 -117.792259 0.132500
     36.011292 -117.792259 0.162500
      .
      .
      .etc....


     Here is the extended format for the wells:
     lat lon  depth dip strike length lithology
     For example:

     23-17 107 3 2
     36.022938 -117.795868 -0.127500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022938 -117.795868 -0.087500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022942 -117.795860 -0.037500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022942 -117.795868 -0.017500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022942 -117.795868 0.002500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022942 -117.795876 0.052500 45.000000 20.000000 0.200000 2
     36.022942 -117.795883 0.082500 45.000000 40.000000 0.200000 4

      LAT      LON       Z         AZIM (deg) DIP     Length  Lithology

     the first line includes:
     name #_of_points style color

     where,
     name= 8 character identifier
     #_of_points = total number of points for that well
                   You may have numerous wells per file
     style =  0 = simple well (lat lon z)
              1 = well with lithology (lat lon z lith)
              2 = well with dip meter only (lat lon z strike dip length)
              3 = well with dip and lith (lat lon z strike dip length lith)
     color = one of the 28 available colors from the palette.

     There are thus 4 styles one can use to insert well information at this point.
     I may expand this at a later date to include well log information plotted as a
     time series along the well.

       ----------------  3D   ARROWS     ------------------

     I have written a program to convert focal mechanism P-axes into little
     3D arrows - which I then rotate using spin.

     All you have to do is make a "well" file which has the
     lat-lon-depth of the positions you want plotted
     as vectors.  Here is an example arrow plotting a P-axis direction
     in Western Washington: (there are 3 "wells" here)


     paxis 5 0 5
     47.186123 -122.539413 3.900000
     47.172630 -122.550819 2.900000
     47.179489 -122.543701 3.437500
     47.180271 -122.545677 3.437500
     47.172630 -122.550819 2.900000
     paxis 5 0 6
     47.186123 -122.486626 5.200000
     47.172630 -122.475220 4.200000
     47.180271 -122.480354 4.737500
     47.179489 -122.482338 4.737500
     47.172630 -122.475220 4.200000
     paxis 5 0 7
     47.217281 -122.460205 6.500000
     47.217281 -122.437340 5.500000
     47.218060 -122.449631 6.037500
     47.216503 -122.449631 6.037500
     47.217281 -122.437340 5.500000


     The arrows consist of 5 points in this order:
     (tail, head, UP_point, DN_point, head)


                               UP
                                \
                                 \
     Tail-------------------------Head
                                 /
                                /
                              DN

     The points must be inthe correct order to plot so it looks like
     an arrow.  You could make a simpler plot with just 2 lines
     or even just one line if you are not concerned with
     directionality.

     I create these arrows by first drawing them in 2D and then
     rotating them and translating them to their correct
     position and orientation.  (that is the programming you may have to do.
     you can modify my program for plotting P-axes if you like)


     When running xmap8 you will see a well symbol plotted
     at the location of the first element in the well (the Tail)
     if you select "Project Wells" you will see the horizontal projections.
     When you make cross sections you will see the wells in 3D.
     Wells can be imported into the spin module, but
     if you have a ton of them, spnnning will be slow, of course.
     The spin module allows you to plot the wells in any 3D view angle.




SEE ALSO

xmap8      
xm_color      
xm_hypo      
xm_map       
xm_menu       
xm_origin       
xm_points
xm_raster
xm_station      
xm_well      
xm_wire      
xm_xsec      
xm_ellipse


  • Xmap8: Three-dimensional GIS for Geology and Geophysics.

    REFERENCES see article by J. M. Lees: Lees, J. M. (1995) Xmap8: Three-dimensional GIS for geology and geophysics, Seismological Research Letters: 66, 33-37.

    Address:

      
          Prof. Jonathan M. Lees
          Yale Geology Dept.
          P.O. Box 208109
          New Haven, CT  06520-8109
          (203)432-6947
          lees@love.geology.yale.edu